Pipe-vise.



H. H. STEELE.

lPIPE VISE. APPLICATION FILED MAB.. 25, 1909.

Patente-d sept. 21, 1909.

1f 1N VENTO/e.

E l 1 Q HERBERT H. STEELE, O'FlVIARCELLUS, NEW YORK.

PIPETSE.

Specification o Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 21, 1909.

Application led March 25., 1909. Serial No. 485,570.

fo all whom it may concern:

Be: it known that I, HERiiEIi'i' H.4 STEELE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Marcellus, in the county of Onondaga and State ofNew York, have invented a new and use ful Pipe-Viso, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates toimprovements in that class of vises, speciallyadapted to seei'irely hold cylindrical articles like metal pipe andother pipe-fittiugs, during' the operations of cutting-off or threading.

In the many forms of pipe vises now in gei'ieral usethe movable jaw isfoi'ced against the surface of the pipe that rests uponthe stationaryjaws, by a screw-threaded member provided with a T-handle. This threadedmember com-prises what are co-iiiinonly known as square-threads andthese square-threads are universally employed vto operate the jaws,Abecause of the great strength of the thread to resist the strain derivedfrom the hand-ojlierated T-handle. This strain on the threads is sogreat, that only coarse threads having considerable cross-sectionalarea, can be safely employed.; and hence, a very large percentage of thegrip at the biting faces of the jaws, derived from the leverage at theT-handle, is wasted because olf the pitch or an'g'ularity of thesecoarse threads, and excessive power is required to pinch the pipebetween the jaws so that the pipe-section will not turn during thethreading of the end thereof. rlhe best forniof pipe vise, eiiiployingthese coarse, square threads, will often allow the pipe to slip, causingthe toothedjaws to mutilate the surface of the pipe. In order to providefor a greater grip at the jaws, the screw member inust have finerthreads and when the standard pitch of the screw is changed, thecross-sectional ai'ea of the tooth is correspondingly reduced and thereare possibilities of the threads shearing o-i' stripping from the forceapplied at the T-liandle ;v and for this reason, a finer thread thatwould require less exertion at the T- handle to give the saine pressureat the jaws, is not feasible because of the weakness of the threads inboth the screw and the associated nut.

`Witli these several defects in the present form of pipe vise in view,one object of the present invention is to provid-e a coarsethreadedmember to withstand the stress derived from the T-handle, and also:adapted and arranged to transmit a movement to the movable jaw of thevise, corresponding to a very lin-e thread; and hence, insuring a morepositive grip at the jaws, with less exertion at the T-hand'le.

Another object is to provide an ozpen-jawed jiiortable-vise having athreaded member to close the jaws, comprising' toothed-sections ofdifferent pitches, adapted to convey a ditferential movement to theclosing-upjaw, and which movement increases the bite at the jaws andreduces the amount of applied force at the T-handle.

To the above and other ends, which will hereinafter appear, my inventionconsists in the novel features of construction,` arrangement of parts,and combinations of devices to be hereinafter described andparticularlj7 pointed out in the appended` claims.

In the accompanying drawing, wherein like reference characters indicatecorrespondiing parts in the various views, Figure l is a side elevationof my invention. Fig. 2 a front elevation, partly in section. Fig. a

horizontal section through the plane indi-- cated at- Y, Y, Fig. Fig. 4a vertical section on the line Z, Z, Fig. and Fig 5 an end view of thelower end of the slidefcairying the movable jaw.

The base l is provi-ded. with suitable holes 2 so that the vise as awhole can be secured to a work bench or other sup-port. Heavy lugs 3Iai'e cast upon the upper face of the base and to the opposite faces ofthese lugs are secured jaw plates 4l as with bolts These plates 4 areformed alike having an angular depression atthe upper edge with teethformed in each inclined face. A pair of ears rise from each lug asindicated at (3 and 7, and each ear is provided with three holes S; theholes in the ears 6 receiving the locking pin 9 and the holes throughthe ears Y, the fulcruin-bolt 10u Between the two ears 7 a U-shapedframe 1l is fulcrumed upon the bolt l0 and locked in operative relationto the base l and the associated jaws 4, by the locking pin 9 that iswithdrawn each time the frame 11 is swung upon the bolt 1t) for purposespresently to appear. The pin 9- is formed with a knurled head 12 toassist the fingers in removing the locking pin.

The frame l1 is formed as shown, to provide bearing faces 13 and 14;along the inner edges of each leg of the frame, and these faces providea bearing for the slide l formed with ears 16 to overlap and bear uponthe faces 14 and also to bear against the inner faces 13. `The lower endof the slide 15 is slotted to receive the movable jaw V17 that issecured to the slide and within the slot by two pins 18. rlhe slottingof the lower end of the slide provides for two bearing faces 19 at eachside, to engage with the faces 13 of the frame; the upper faces 19 havea full bearing equal to the width of the face 13. The jaw 17 has atoothed-depression at the center similar to the lower ljaws 4. The slide15 is threaded interiorly threaded section 21 is smaller in diameterthan the screw section 22; that the threads of the section 21 are alittle closed together than the threads of 22; that the direction of thelead, is the same in both sections. In a fullsized vise, the screw 21may have ten threads to the inch and the screw 22 eight threads to eachlinear inch. The screw 22 is only operative with the threads 22aL withinthe section 23 and the screw 21 will only coperate with the threads 2Owithin the slide 15. The object of giving the screw 21 a smallerdiameter than 22 is, because the screw 21 must enter the threaded holein 23 without engaging with the threads thereof. From this descriptionit will be seen that the threaded element that controls the movement ofthe slide 15 and its associated jaw 17, comprises two separate threadedsections that vary from each other in the number of threads to the inch,and that one section is provided with a stationary nut and the othersection with a movable nut. When a pipesection indicated at 26v in Fig.2, is adjusted to the jaws 4, the frame 11 is swung into lposition andsecured by the locking pin 9. The T-handle 24 is turned in the directionof the hands of a clock; this rotary movement of the T-handle causes thescrew 22 to thread itself into the section 23 and the screw 21 to threaditself within the slide 15. If the pitch of the threads 21 and 22 wereequal,

the movement of both screws would not distance, but the threads thereofpassing within the movable slide 15, will draw the slide in the oppositedirection to the movement of the screw, one-tenth of an inch; and hencefor every rotation of the T-handle 24, the slide and its associated jaw17 will move in the direction of the screw toward the two lower aws 4, adistance equal to the difference between one-eighth and one-tenth of aninch, or one-fortieth of an inch. Or in other' words, the coperation ofthese two coarsethreaded sections of the slide-feeding-screw, willconvey'to the movable jaw, a movement toward the stationary jaws that isequivalent to a feed movement from a single-screw-feed having fortythreads to the linear inch; a thread so fine as to be useless under thestrain derived from the T-handle to grip the pipe. With thisdifferential arrangement between the feeding element and the movablejaw, approximately four times the pressure is obtained at the jaws froma given force at the T-handle, than can be obtained from asingle-screw-feed. Or to put it another way,

Vwith this differential form of transmission the same pressure can beobtained at the pipe-gripping jaws with only one-quarter 0f the forceapplied at the hand-operated T- handle.

It being necessary to adapt a pipe vise to the pin 9 passing within thenext lower holes S in the ears 6. This adjustment can again be reducedby using the lowest holes 8. The relative adjustment of the frame 11 tothese lthree positions, will provide for the usual variations in thesizes of pipe, that the commercial number of the vise predetermines. Y

While l have shown and described for the differential feeding element, aratio of eight to ten, it will be understood that this ratio can bechanged, so as .to increase or diminish the relative movement of theslide, by changing the lead of one or both screws V21 `or 22. And whilel have described my invention as a pipe-vise adapted for cylindricalsurfaces, it will be understood that I do not limit myself to thespecific form of jaws shown, but that the form of the jaws and thenature of the jaws teeth can be changed to adapt'the clamping featuresto other surfaces than cylindrical faces. Y f

Various other changes in details of construction may be made withoutdeparting from lthe gist of my improvements as eX- pressed in thefollowing claims.

l/Vhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, ls-

1. The combination with a two-part vise a-.dfjustably hinged together,of a stationary jaw in one part, a sliding jaw in the other para and ascrew having threaded sections Mo-f dierent characteristics and adaptedto convey a diderential movement to the sliding jaw.

2. rlhe combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw in one part, a sliding jaw in thel other part, and adifferentially threaded member adapted to move the sliding jaw intocooperation with the stationary jaw to increase the bite of thel jaws.

3. rllhe combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa pair of station-ary jaws on one part, a single sliding jaw within theother part, and a differentially threaded member adapted to operate thesliding jaw to increase the biting power ofthe jaws.

i. The combination with a two-part vise adjusta'bly hinged together, ofa pair of stationary jaws secured to one part, a sliding jaw arrangedwithin the other part to pass between the planes of the stationary jaws,and a differentially threaded member adapted to cooperate with thesliding jaw to increase its biting power when in cooperation with t-hestationary jaws.

5. in a vise, the combination with a base having stationary jaws, of aframe adjustably hinged to the base, a slide housed within the frame andprovided with a jaw, and means cooperative with the frame and the saidslide to differentially move one jaw into cooperation with theassociated aws.

(-3. In a vise, the combination with a base having stationary jaws, of aframe adjustably hinged to the base, a sliding member housed within thef lame and provided with a jaw, and a threaded member that iscooperative with the fra-me and the said sliding member todifferentially force one jaw into gripping engagement with theassociated jaws.

T. 1n a vise, the combination with a base having stationary jaws, of aframe adjustably hinged to the base, a slidingmember housed within theframe and provided with a jaw, and a feed screw threaded through theframe for one lead and threaded within the slide for a different leadand both coperating to convey a differential movement to the slidingmember and its associated jaw.

8. 1n a vise, the combination with a base, of a frame adjustably hingedto the base, a sliding member housed within the frame, cooperatiiig jawssecured to the base and sliding member, and a feeding element for theslidingmember comprising screw-sectioi'is of different cha acteristics9. In a vise adapted for cylindrical objects, the combina-tion with abase having stationary jaws, of a cooperating movable jaw adjustablyhinged to the base, and means to differentially move one jaw int-ocooperation with the other jaws.

10. In a pipe vise adapted to cylindrical surfaces, the combination witha base including a pair of stationary toothed-jaws, of a frameadjustably hinged to the base, a slide housed within said frame, atoothed-j aw secured to said slide, and al feed member adapted todifferentially move the slide and shift the associated toothed-jaw intocooperation with the pair of stationary jaws.

11. In a pipe vise adapted to cylindrical surfaces, the combination witha base including a pair of stationary toothed-jaws, of ay frameadjustably hinged to the base, a slide housed within said frame, atoothed-j aw secured to said slide, and a feed-screw havingthreaded-sections of different characteristics adapted to convey adifferenti al movement to the slideL and its associated jaw.

12'. In a pipe vise adapted to cylindrical surfaces, the combinationwith a base including` a pair of stationary toothed-jaws, ofV a frameadjustably hinged to the base, a sliding-jaw housedr within said frame,and a feed-screw comprising a coarse-threaded section and afiner-threaded section, both threadeel-sections cooperating jointly toconvey a differential movement to the sliding-j aw.

13. In a pipe vise adapted to cylindrical surfaces, the combination witha base including a pair of stationary toothed-jaws, of a swinging frameadjustably hinged to the base, aslide housed within said frame, atoothed-jaw secured to said slide, and a feedscrew comprisingdifferentially threaded-sections adapted to cooperate with the fram-eand with the slide' to move the associated jaw into cooperation with thestationary aws.

14. In a pipe vise adapted to cylindrical surfaces, the combination witha base including a pair of stationary jaws,y of a swinging frameadjustably hinged to the base, a slide housed within said frame, a jawsecured to said slide, and a feed-screw comprising differentiallytln'eaded-sections, one section engaging with the frame and the othersection engaging with the slide and both sections cooperating to conveya differential movement to the slide and its associated jaw.

15. In a vise adapted for cylindr' al objects, the combination with abase including a stationary jaw, of a coperating movable jaw adj ustablyhinged to the base, and means to differentially move one jaw intocoperation with the other jaw.

16. ln a vise adapted for cylindrical objects, the combination with abase including a stationary jaw, of a cooperating sliding jaw adjustablyhinged to the base, and a threaded member to differentially move one jawinto cooperation with the other jaw.

17. In a vise adapted for cylindrical surfaces, the combination with abase including a stationary jaw, of a coperating sliding jaw adjustablyhinged toY the base,l and a multiple-threaded member to dilferentiallymove one jaw into cooperation with the other jaw.

18. In a vise adapted for cylindrical surfaces, the combination with abase including a stationary jaw, of a sliding aw adjustably hinged tothe base, and a multiple-threaded element adapted to move one of thejaws into coperation with the other jaw through the diiferentialarrangement of the threads.

19. In a vise adapted for cylindrical surfaces, the combination with abase having stationary jaws, of a coperating movable jaw adjustablyhinged to the base, and a feed-screw comprising a coarse threadedsection and a liner threaded section, both threaded sections cooperatingto convey a differential movement to the sliding jaw.

20. In a vise adapted for cylindrical surfaces, the combination with abase having stationary jaws, of a cooperating movable jaw adj ustablyhinged to the base, a threaded member to operate the movable jaw, andmeans formed integral with the threaded member adapted to convey adifferential movement to the movable jaw relative to the movement of thethreaded member in the direction of its axis. Y

21. The combination with a two-part vise adjustablyhinged together, of astationary jaw in one part, a sliding jaw in the other part, and meansto differentially move rone jaw into cooperation with the other jaw.

22. The combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw in one part, a sliding jaw in the other part, and afeed screw adapted to dierentially move one jaw into coperation with theother aw.

23. The combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw in one part, a sliding jaw in the other part, and afeed screw having threaded sections of different characteristicsadapted. to differentially move one jaw into cooperation with the otherjaw.

2&1. The combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jawin one part, a sliding jaw in the other part, and amultiple-threaded member adapted to differentially move one jaw intocooperation with the other jaw.

25. The combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw in one part, a jaw-carrying slide mounted within theother part, and means to differentially operate said slide to bring theaws into coperation. a

26. In a vise, the combination with a base including a stationary jaw,of a frame adjustably hinged to the base, a j aw-carryingslide mountedfor vmovement within said frame, and means to differentially operate theslide to bring the aws into cooperation.

27. In a vise, the combination with a base including a stationary jaw,of a frame adjustably secured t'o the base, a jaw-carryingslide mountedfor movement within said frame, and manually operable means to dif- Yfel-enti ally move the slide and bring the jaws into cooperation. Y Y y2S. The combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw in one part, a j aw-carrying-slide mounted within theother part, and a compoundthreaded-member adapted to differentiallyoperate the slide and bring the jaws into cooperation.

29. The combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw in one part, a j aw-carrying-slide mounted within theother part, and a feed-screw having threaded sections of varyingcharacterist-ics adapted to dilferentiallyoperate the slide and bringthe jaws into coperation.

30. In a vise, the combination with a base including a stationary jaw,of a frame adjustably hinged to the base, a jaw-carryingslide mountedwithin said frame, and a feedscrew having threaded sections of varyingpitches adapted to differentially operate the slide and force the jawsint-o coperation.

31. In a vise, the combination with a base including a stationary jaw,of a frame adjustably hinged to the base, a Vjaw-carryingslide mountedwithin said frame, and a feedscrew having threaded sections of varyingdiameters and pitches adapted to differentially operate the slide andforce the jaws into cooperation.

32. In a vise adapted for cylindrical surfaces, the combination with abase including V a stationary jaw, of a cooperating movable jaw adjustably hinged to the base, and means to differentially move one jawinto or out of coperation with the otherj aw.

33. The combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw in one part, a sliding jaw in the other part, and meansto differentially control the sliding movement of one jaw in eitherdirection.

34. The combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw in one part, a sliding jaw in the other part, and adifferentially threaded member adapted to positively control themovement of the sliding jaw in both directions.

85. The combinationk with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw-in one part, a sliding jaw'in the other part, and amultiple threaded element adapted to positively control the movement ofthe sliding jaw in either direction. y

3G. The combination with a two-part vise adjustably hinged together, ofa stationary jaw in one part, zt jaw-carrying-slide mounted within theother part, and a diiferentially y threaded element adapted topositively control the movement of the slide and move the associated jawin either direction.

37. In :t vise7 the combination with a base including a stationary jaw,of a frame adjlistztbly hinged to the base, it jaw-carryingslide mountedwithin said frame for movement in two directions, and means todiierentially operate the slide in both directions.

38.111 a vise, the combination with :i base including it stationary jaw,of n frame adjustnbly hinged to the base, a jaw-carryingslide movable intwo directions within said frame, and a multiple threaded elementadapted to positively control the movement of the slide in bothdirections.

39. The combination with a. two-part vise ndjustably hinged together, ofa. stationary jaw in one part, a jaw-carrying-slide movable in twodirections within the other part,

and a compound-threaded member adapted to diiferentially operate theslide in both directions.

In testimony whereof I have signed my mune to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

HERBERT H. STEELE. Witnesses GEORGE L. COLIN@7 MARIE K. UNDERDOWN.

